Towards the “New” Digital Preservation: Review of 3D Scanning as a Key Technology

Emerging technologies allow us as humans to innovate and create. But what about 3D scanning? There is an array of 3D scanners available which are based on many different technologies, each with its own limitations, advantages and costs. The most common form of 3D scanners utilizes optic sensors to collect information on how light hits the object being scanned. Software can then use this data and interpret light contrast as depth-perception and render a 3-dimensional copy. The most apparent weaknesses of this scanning type are the optics of the scanners, which struggle to translate reflective or transparent surfaces, as the light refraction differs between these materials. Despite these limitations, the benefits and function of 3D scanning is extensive. The largest benefit is the rendering and creation of these objects without negatively impacting the object itself. Based on this, the application of this technology ranges from reverse engineering to product design as well as research. Part of this is the digitisation of 3D objects that is not always accessible, rare, fragile or culturally significant. This is achieved by creating 3D models saved in files for electronic analysis, amendment and review which can be easily distributed. However, which 3D scanning device or software is the best? What are the limitations? What infrastructure, resources or skills are required? In this presentation we delve into 3D scanning technology’s technical aspects including the options available, limitations, resources, skills needed and costing. Then, successful project initiatives using 3D scanning will be reviewed to note its application. This will include its usage for research support and digital preservation. Why digital preservation? Because three-dimensional objects that could not be digitized before is now possible. This allows access to digital platforms where larger communicates can engage and access such objects in the digital world. Moreover, this is in an attempt to guide future stakeholders, should they be considering investing in this technology or realise its role in addressing problems.15th International SAOIM (Southern African Online Information Meeting), CSIR ICC, 8-10 June 2022.https://web.cvent.com/event/05625e35-93d1-478e-b5f8-f05c77c4ba7e/summar